Data from prevalence surveys conducted by the Pan American Health Organization in nine countries revealed that marginal and poor populations have a higher prevalence of blindness and visual disability. The burden of visual impairment in Latin America and the Caribbean is not distributed uniformly: in many countries it is estimated that for every 1 million people, 5,000 are blind and 20,000 are visually impaired; at least two thirds of these cases are attributable to treatable conditions such as cataracts, refractive errors, diabetic retinopathy, childhood blindness, glaucoma, onchocerciasis, and trachoma.
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