Epidemiological Alerts: Archives through 2008

New site, 2009 onwards

As of 2009, this series has been reformulated and given a new name: Epidemiological Alerts. It is a continuation of EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Diseases, Region of the Americas, a registered PAHO newsletter for disease outbreaks since 2003. All issues from 2003 to 2008 are listed below, from the most recent.

The purpose of EID Updates is to disseminate information on the latest public-health events that have been identified as risks to health, trade, and/or international travel, i.e. public health emergencies of international concern, in accordance with the provisions of the International Health Regulations (IHR [2005]. Most of these events are primarily due to infectious agents, while others are due to chemical or physical agents. The PAHO EID Updates at the regional level (for the Americas) complement the WHO Disease Outbreak News at the global level.

History: This newsletter started on 10 July 2003 as EID Weekly Updates. As of summer 2004, however, the decision was made to publish infectious-disease events of importance to international public health on an occasional rather than weekly basis. For this reason, the name was changed to EID Updates. Since then, the scope of this publication has broadened to include other non-infectious types of events, in compliance with the International Health Regulations (IHR) adopted in 2005 by the 58^th World Health Assembly, which entered into force in June 2007.

Archives:   2008   |   2007   |   2006   |   2005   |   2004   |   2003

2008 (Volume 5)

• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 13 (4 December 2008): Febrile Hemorrhagic Syndrome in Brazil.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 12 (13 November 2008): Yellow Fever Epizootic in Brazil and Argentina.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 11 (31 March 2008): Yellow Fever in Argentina.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 10 (27 March 2008): Final Statement by PAHO/WHO on Investigation of Serious Adverse Events in Peru following Receipt of Yellow Fever Vaccine Produced by Bio-Manguinhos, Brazil.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 9 (26 March 2008): Dengue in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 8 (21 March 2008): Brazil Creates Crisis Office to Tackle Dengue in Rio de Janeiro.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 7 (13 March 2008): Yellow Fever: Update of Situation in Paraguay and Argentina.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 6 (25 February 2008): Yellow Fever in Paraguay: Mobilization Continues.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 5 (20 February 2008): Yellow Fever in Paraguay.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 4 (11 February 2008): Jungue Yellow Fever in Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 3 (18 January 2008): Yellow fever in Brazil: Travel Recommendations.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 2 (14 January 2008): Yellow fever in Brazil: epizootics in Goiás State and in the Federal District (Brasilia), human cases in Goiás, São Paulo, and Minas Gerais States and in the Federal District.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 5, No. 1 (7 January 2008): Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N2 in Santo Domingo and the Province of La Altagracia, Dominican Republic.

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2007 (Volume 4)

• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 4, No. 8 (16 April 2007): Dengue Outbreak Continues to Subside in Paraguay.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 4, No. 7 (15 March 2007): Dengue Outbreak in Paraguay: Follow-Up (data on capital and other departments of the country, as well as information on technical cooperation from PAHO and between countries).

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 4, No. 6 (9 March 2007): Dengue Outbreak in Brazil: Follow-Up (with data for states and regions; highest incidence in Mato Grosso do Sul).

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 4, No. 5 (7 March 2007): Dengue Outbreak in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia: Follow-Up (including statistics and information on technical cooperation among countries).

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 4, No. 4 (12 February 2007): Dengue Outbreak in Brazil Concentrated in Mato Grosso do Sul.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 4, No. 3 (9 February 2007): Dengue Outbreak in Paraguay Concentrated in Asunción.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 4, No. 2(8 February 2007): Dengue Outbreak in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 4, No. 1(29 January 2007): Dengue Outbreak in Paraguay, 2007.

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2006 (Volume 3)

• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 3, No. 3(31 December 2006): Dengue Outbreak in Paraguay, 2006.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 3, No. 2(31 October 2006): Dengue Outbreak in El Salvador, 2006.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 3, No. 1(24 October 2006): Dengue Outbreak in Cuba, 2006.

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2005: No updates published in 2005 due to revision process of the International Health Regulations (IHR).

2004 (Volume 2, starting with last issue published that year)

• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 26—6 October 2004: Epidemiological Situation of Hantavirus in Brazil; Jungle Yellow Fever (JYF) in the State of Monagas, Venezuela; New Draft of the International Health Regulations (IHRs) Now Available.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 25—18 August 2004: Hantavirus in Uruguay, Department of Rocha, near the Brazilian Border; Avian Influenza: Situation in Viet Nam; Updated List of Weekly Epidemiological Reports for the Americas; Updated List of EID Related Sites.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 24—12 August 2004: Colera confirmed in Colombia; Cases of hantavirus in Central Brazil in the Federal District and Goiás State.

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• EID Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 23—8 August 2004: Outbreaks of aseptic meningitis in Puerto Rico and of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of community origin in Uruguay.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 22—1 July 2004: Outbreak of Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever (BHF) Confirmed in the Department of Beni, Itenez Province, Bolivia; Typhoid Fever Epidemic in Ca Pierre, Haiti.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 21—24 June 2004: Report Confirms the Circulation of West Nile Virus (WNV) in Puerto Rico; Current Situation of Jungle Yellow Fever (JYF) in the Americas: Outbreaks in Peru and Bolivia.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 20—15 June 2004: Yellow Fever Epizootic Confirmed in the State of Monagas, Venezuela; CDC Webcast on Laboratory Biosafety (BSL-3).

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 19—27 May 2004: Unusual Increase in the Number of Persons Infected with Hantavirus in the Department of Boquerón, Paraguayan Chaco Region.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 18—7 May 2004: Influenza Activity in Chile, Avian Influenza Virus A (H10N7) Circulating among Humans in Egypt.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 17—29 April 2004: Outbreak of SARS in China; Outbreak of Acute Diarrhea in Rojas, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 16—22 April 2004: Acute Diarrheal Syndrome and Identification of Two Cholera Cases in the Municipality of São Bento do Una, Pernambuco State, Brazil; Follow-Up on Outbreak of Bat-Transmitted Human Rabies in Pará State, Brazil.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 15—15 April 2004: Follow-Up on Outbreak of Bat-Transmitted Human Rabies in Pará State, Brazil; Electronic Information Sources on the Occurrence and Distribution of Communicable Diseases in the Countries of the Americas.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 14—8 April 2004: Meeting in Lima, Peru, on the Epidemiology and Diagnostics of Influenza in the Andean Subregion; I International Course on Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers and Hantavirus at the INVEH in Pergamino, Argentina.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 13—2 April 2004: Outbreak of human Rabies transmitted by bats in Pará State, Brazil; a serological Study on Migratory and Native Birds, Brazil (with an eye to avian influenza, West Nile Virus, and other Arbovirus); and the current status of the revision process of the International Health Regulations (IHRs).

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 12—25 March 2004: Update on Avian Influenza, summary of III Joint Meeting of Regional EID Surveillance Networks.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 11—18 March 2004: Updates on Avian Influenza (in Asia, the USA, and Canada; and announcement of regional workshop in the Americas on integrated surveillance of and response to acute respiratory diseases); Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS); and West Nile Virus (WNV) in Belize.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 10—11 March 2004: Update on Avian Influenza in Asia, the USA, and Canada; Update on Jungle Yellow Fever (JYF) in Columbia and the possible threat of the reurbanization of this disease in urban centers of the Americas.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 9—4 March 2004: Update on Avian Influenza in Asia, the USA, and Canada; status of the review process of the International Health Regulations (IHR) and corresponding regional activities.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 8—26 February 2004: Update on Avian Influenza, Outbreak of Diarrheic Disease from Rotavirus in El Salvador.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 7—19 February 2004: Updates on outbreaks of avian influenza in Asia and diarrheic rotavirus disease in Guatemala.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 6—12 February 2004: Update on Avian Influenza as of 12 February 2004.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 5—5 February 2004: Update on Avian Influenza: Situation as of 5 February 2004; FAO/OIE/WHO Technical Consultation on the Control of Avian Influenza.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 4—29 January 2004: Cholera Outbreak in Zamora Chinchipie Province, Ecuador; Present Situation Involving Human Cases of Avian Influenza in Asia and WHO Recommendations.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 3—22 January 2004: Jungle Yellow Fever (JYF) Outbreak in Colombia.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 2—15 January 2004: Avian Influenza A (H5N1) in Humans and Poultry in Viet Nam.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 2, No. 1—8 January 2004: Epizootic in Los Besotes Ecological Park (Valledupar, Cesar, Colombia); SARS Case in Guangdong Confirmed, Second SARS Case Suspected.

2003 (Volume 1, starting with last issue published that year)

• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 26—31 December 2003: Suspected SARS case in Guangdong, China; Confirmed bovine spongiform encephalopathy case in the state of Washington, USA.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 25—24 December 2003: Measles imported cases in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 24—18 December 2003:Update on Yellow Fever in the Americas,Severe Respiratory Acute Syndrome (SARS) in Taiwan, Update on West Nile Virus in Mexico, V National Conference on West Nile Virus in the United States.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 23—11 December 2003: Severe respiratory disease in Colombia; Influenza outbreaks in Tocantins, Brazil; Influenza (H9N2) in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China (SAR); Epizootic in primates of the Rorainópolis municipality, Roraima, Brazil.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 22—4 December 2003: 2003-2004 Flu Season in North America; Circulation of Human Metapneumovirus in the United States could complicate management of respiratory infections this winter; Call for Abstracts, International Conference of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Atlanta 2004: Deadline Extended.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 21—26 November 2003: Update on Influenza in Brazil, Appendix to WHO Recommendations for Flu Vaccine, Lancet Article on Influenza, Training in West Nile Virus (WNV) Surveillance and Diagnostics in Pergamino, Argentina.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 20—19 November 2003: Update on Influenza in the Americas (USA and Canada), Hepatitis A Outbreak in the United States, Update on West Nile Virus (WNV) in the Americas (USA and Mexico), Electronic Information Sources on the Occurrence and Distribution of Communicable Diseases in the Countries of Americas (links to epidemiological bulletins/alerts).

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 19—12 November 2003: Influenza in the Americas (USA, Canada, and Argentina), WHO update on progress made towards developing a SARS vaccine, and yellow fever in the Americas (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, and Venezuela).

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 18—6 November 2003: Update on Influenza in the Americas, Update on SARS, Announcement of the III^rd Biannual Meeting of Subregional Emerging-Disease Surveillance Networks.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 17—30 October 2003: Updates on Influenza and West Nile Virus (WNV) in the Americas.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 16—23 October 2003: Update on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) (WHO Consensus Document on SARS epidemiology, four international meetings on SARS in Geneva); Update on West Nile Virus (WNV) (USA and Canada).

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 15—16 October 2003: Update on West Nile Virus (WNV) in the USA and Canada, Outbreak of Equine Encephalitis in Venzuela.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 14—9 October 2003: Updates on Yellow Fever and West Nile Virus (WNV).

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 13—2 October 2003: Conjunctivitis in Latin America, Update on West Nile Virus (WNV).

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 12—25 September 2003: Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis in Central America and the Caribbean, Update on the SARS Situation.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 11—19 September 2003: Update on the SARS Situation; West Nile Virus (WNV) in the United States and Canada.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 10—12 September 2003: Outbreak of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Palm Beach, Florida; Yellow Fever Situation in the Americas; West Nile Virus (WNV): Current Situation in the Americas

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 9—4 September 2003: Outbreak of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in San Juan del Oro, Peru; West Nile Virus (WNV) in the USA and Canada.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 8—28 August 2003: Jungle Yellow Fever (JYF) in the Americas; West Nile Virus (WNV) in the USA and Canada; Acute Respiratory Disease in British Columbia, Canada.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 7—21 August 2003: Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) Outbreak, Jamaica; Meeting of the Coordinating Committee of the Central American Network of Emerging and Reemerging Diseases (RECACER).

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 6—14 August 2003: Acute Respiratory Illness Outbreak in British Colombia, Canada; Yellow Fever (YF) in Peru; West Nile Virus (WNV) in the USA and Mexico.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 5—8 August 2003: Pneumonia in El Salvador; West Nile Virus in the USA; Situation of Jungle Yellow Fever in the Region of the Americas; Food Poisoning in Passengers on an International Flight from Lima, Peru to Dallas, Texas.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 4—31 July 2003: Pneumonia in El Salvador; West Nile Virus in USA and Canada.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 3—24 July 2003: Pneumonia in El Salvador; Hantavirus in Panama; West Nile Virus in USA; Icterohemorrhagic Disease in Peru; Preparations of the Southern Cone Countries in the Event of an Influenza Pandemic; III^rd Scientific Congress of the Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Present and Future of Medicine in the Tropics (Panama City, 18–20 August 2003).

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 2—17 July 2003: Cases of Jungle Yellow Fever in the Americas and outbreak on Colombia, West Nile Virus in USA and Mexico, latest developments with SARS and case information from the USA, Call for Abstracts for the International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases 2004, and note to readers of these updates on its main link and contact e-mail.

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• EID Weekly Updates: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the Americas, Vol. 1, No. 1—10 July 2003: Update on SARS; Columbian outbreaks of Jungle Yellow Fever and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis; First human case of West Nile Virus in the USA; new PAHO papers on influenza and antimicrobial resistance; PAHO PowerPoint presentations on cholera, monkeypox, and West Nile virus, and SARS.